Although it's a well-known fact that Delhi is a part of its splendor and beauty to the Mughals, many are aware of Mughal Architecture. In reality one in four residents of
Delhi has never visited one of these amazing architectural wonders.
The rise of the Mughals was a pivotal moment for Indian history, especially in the way it was built. Influenced by the Persian styles, the earlier Mughal rulers built impressive mausoleums, forts, mosques, gardens, and cities. The Mughal structures exhibit a common design both in construction and style. The most distinctive features of Mughal architecture include its domes that are bulbous and slender minarets that have cupolas on four corners, massive halls, latticework, huge vaulted gateways, and intricate ornamentation.
The onset of the Mughal period under Babar followed by Humayun does not have much historical significance in the architecture of Delhi. Akbar however was a spiritualist and he also began an era of flourishing Mughal architecture. His son Jahangir as an aesthete was a contributor to the era by constructing numerous tombs erected in the splendor of nobility, who was a court figure from the time of his father. His most significant work was the restoration and refurbishment of his tombstone of revered sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya.
Shah Jahan needs no introduction to the world of architecture. While his awe-inspiring Taj Mahal is located in Agra but his work was a part of Delhi and also Shahjahanabad, the capital city. Shahjahanabad is located on the shores of Yamuna located in Delhi. The architecture of Delhi during his time was built at a tranquil speed, as if the whole city was in love with the building process itself. His son Auranzeb however was a failure in the history of Mughal architecture. He was busy battling political conflict; the only contribution he made was contained within the walls of Shahjahanabad within the city itself. As it became apparent that the Mughal Dynasty declined and the British gained prominence, their rulers appeared to have fewer and fewer resources on their ability to spend much on the building industry.
The mention must, however, be given to the women of the Mughal Empire who, despite their position at the back of the purdah accumulated enormous wealth and ability to create stunning architectural marvels. First among the women are Haji Begum, wife of Mughal Emperor Humayun who constructed Humayun's tomb. Also, Nur Jahan was known as a renowned patron of architecture, and he constructed numerous beautiful mosques, gardens, and palaces. Jahangir's daughter, Princess Jahanara was involved in the significant architecture projects in the newly constructed Mughal capital city, Shahjahanabad. She was patron to at least five of the most important structures in the city. The heartbeat of Shahjahanabad is the bazaar called Chandni Chowk ("moonlight square") was created by Jahanara.
Although it may not be feasible for everyone to dedicate time to every architectural masterpiece from the Mughal era, the finest of it cannot be ignored. Here's a list with ten
Delhi Mughal monuments you have to visit.
Humayun's Tomb
The first item on the listing is the Humayun's Tomb which was built as stated previously by Haji Begum in memory of her husband of love, Humayun. Inscribed in UNESCO's World Heritage sites, it is the first garden tomb constructed on the Indian subcontinent. The original monument made of red sandstone has been credited as the muse behind Taj Mahal. In reality, neither this structure as well as the love story that goes with it is as well-known as the story it influenced.
Red Fort
If you're a history buff it's impossible that you'll be able to miss this one. While not as well-maintained as Agra Fort, the fortified palace that was built in the time of Shah Jahan brings alive the splendor and elegance of its Mughal court. Diwan – i – Aam and Diwan – i – Khas, Rang Mahal, Khas Mahal, Hamam, Delhi Gate, Lahori Gate, Moti Masjid, Naubat Khana, Hira Mahal, Shahi Burj are a few famous structures. It blends the architectural style of the Islamic period with Persian, Timurid and Hindu design. Take a moment to imagine that you're a Mughal monarch.
Purana Quila
It is located on the site of the oldest of Delhi's capital city Indraprastha The Purana Quila like the name implies, stands strong against the forces of nature and the passage of time. It is a great spot to spend an afternoon, soaking up the sun while figuring out the three massive gateways. When you're done admiring Humayun's grand plans to build his town Dinpannah and the surrounding area, there's an area of water around the fort to allow boating.
Jama Masjid
The courtyard is capable of accommodating 25000 worshippers and numerous Pigeons, this old masjid takes you a step closer to the divine. The mosque was commissioned by Shah Jahan this mosque was the product of the labor of around 6000 workers over the course of six years. You should visit the site with shoes on, as the red sandstone floor of the mosque is extremely hot on your feet.
Safdarjung Tomb
The last member of Mughal architecture is visible in this huge tomb garden. This tomb, which is enclosed, was constructed to commemorate Safdarjung Minister in the city of Avadh during the period of Muhammad Shah. Although it has a lot in common with the Humayun's Tomb, it is less impressive in comparison to the Humayun's Tomb. Some of the interesting structures within the monument include Jangli Mahal, Badshah Pasand, Moti Mahal, etc.
Chandni Chowk
Chandni Chowk or the moonlight market was designed by Shah Jahan and designed by princess Jahanara. It was initially crisscrossed through canals and an affluent area is still one of the largest wholesale markets. Go to this market to see the old havelis in Ghalib, Begum Samru and Chunnamal. Visit places that have been operating since the Mughal time such as Ghantewala Halwai and shop anything and everything.
Zafar Mahal
The final monument built in the time of the Mughals is the Zafar Mahal. It is located in the middle of Mehrauli and is located near the western entrance of the dargah in Khawaja Bakhtiyar Kaki, this Mahal was named by the Emperor Akbar II in honor of the son of his Bahadur Shah Zafar. A large portion of this summer palace is currently in disrepair. Yet, it is possible to glimpse traces of the former time in the White marble Moti Masjid.
Fatehpuri Masjid
A mosque in the 17th century was constructed for Fatehpuri Begum, one of Shah Jahan's wives. This mosque is situated within Chandni Chowk. The mosque was built with red sandstone. It has the prayer hall as well as the top of the dome is a fluted dome. It is surrounded by two-storey and single-storeyed homes.
Tobah Khan's Tomb
The quaint tomb was erected for a nobleman from Akbar's court who was killed by an opponent. It is located at Hazrat Nizamuddin Basti, this 16th century tomb remains a mystery to many. Unfortunately, little was done to preserve its splendor. Go to it now before it's gone.
Khan I – i Khana's Tomb
Abdul Rahim Khan – i Abdul Rahim Khan i Khana was a father of Bairam Khan and one of Navratnas of Akbar's court. It is situated in Nizamuddin; the tomb was destined to be his wife's tomb, but the tomb was dedicated to him. A paved path lined with trees leads to the graveyard that is weathered and adorned with chattris and a dome. The marble used to build this tomb was taken from Safdarjung's tomb later on.